Bactrian Camels in India

Jerking frantically, our jeep climbed up a dirt-road thatthat camels are found in the scrub forest below the
snaked across an alpine slope covered with sparsevillage, so Mark and I ventured into it. After a great
vegetation. We were on a quest to understand thedeal of searching, we saw a pair of camels feeding
conservation issues related to the Bactrian camel inon leaves of stunted willow trees. Soon they joined a
the Nubra valley of Ladakh. Soon the Khardung La,group of thirty animals. It was a grand sighting
the highest motorable pass in the world, came intoindeed; our efforts finally paid off.
view. Prayer flags, hallmark of a high pass in this partAlthough the domesticated Bactrian camels are
of the world, fluttered incessantly on a spur.abundant in central Asia, the wild form is one of the
Once at the top, we staggered around takingmost endangered mammals on the planet with less
pictures of signboards with 'World's Highest Motorablethan 1000 individuals surviving. They are distributed in
Road (18, 380 ft)' emblazoned on them. The heightthe Gobi desert of Mongolia, and Xinjiang and Gansu
soon affected us, and we quickly squeezed into theprovinces of China. Despite concerted conservation
jeep and continued. After a relatively smooth driveefforts, its population continues to dwindle due to
on a macadamized road we reached at Khardungcompetition with livestock and poaching.
village. The bright green agricultural fields around theThe feral camels in Nubra has long remained isolated
village were in stark contrast to the dark brownfrom the larger population in the aforementioned
slopes surrounding them.central Asian countries, and perhaps represent a
Hundreds of nature lovers visit Nubra valley everygenetically distinct population. Thus they need
year. It is popularly known as the Valley of Flowers,immediate attention from conservationists, as they
and is located at about 100 km north of Leh, theare in conflict with the people. "They enter the
capital city of Ladakh and the erstwhile Indianfenced orchards and destroy trees" said Abdul
gateway to central Asia. The landscape is adornedRazaq, a villager of Hundar. "People throw axe in
with wild flowers, sand dunes, jagged mountains andretaliation and the animals succumb to the injuries" he
sea-buckthorn thickets that teem with birds andadded while sipping a traditional Ladakhi tea.
mammals.Furthermore, some agitated villagers drown the foals
Sumur village was our first stop, and we stayed atby driving them into the high currents of the Shayok
the Stakrey Guest House with a beautiful garden inriver. "People urged the district administration to
full bloom. Apart from delightful flowers, the ownerappoint temporary guards to prevent the animals
had grown vegetables such as potatoes, cabbage,from entering private properties, but to no avail" said
cauliflower, carrots, tomatoes, etc. Next day weanother villager. The situation is worsening with the
ventured into a side-valley to look for wildlife, butsoaring needs and aspirations of the people.
after plodding for a while the trail faded into aFortunately, the opening of the valley to tourists a
vertical cliff, and we needed to retrace our path.decade ago gave new economic opportunities. Camel
The afternoon was spent in the Tirit village, learningSafari is a recent initiative and is increasingly becoming
about the history of camel in Nubra. "Camels in thepopular in the area. Young entrepreneurs are
valley are the descendents of a group of about 15fascinated by this new prospect, and are increasingly
individuals bequeathed by the central Asian traders"taming the feral camels. However, since the animals
said Wangdus Norbu. The Kalon families of Tirit andhave been left untended for a long time, it is often
Sumur, who ran a caravanserai during the heyday ofdifficult to recognize them in the wild. This sometimes
trade on the Silk Route, were the first to raiseleads to scuffle amongst the alleged owners.
camels as draught animals. But as the roadOne day, we joined a group of tourists riding camels
infrastructure in the valley improved, thanks to theon the sand dunes near Hundar. As I sat astride and
Indian Army, they were abandoned.rocked on a camel trudging across the sand dunes,
"The trade on the Silk Route was made possible onlythe guide told me about this newfound business.
by these hardy animals" added Mr. Norbu. BactrianAlthough Camel Safari enhances the income of the
camels can live several days without water, a featurelocals, the animals seemed stressed and emaciated.
well recognized by the central Asian traders. "An adultThe ones we rode were certainly weaker than those
camel can carry three times more load than thatwe had seen earlier in the thicket. But perhaps
carried by a horse" remarked another villager. Theenhancing the economic value is the only way to
most important commodities the Yarkandi tradersconserve them in the long run.
brought included silk, bullion, pearl and Persian rugs,"People also take a few camels to Leh every year to
which they bartered in Leh for spices and clothesparticipate in the week-long Ladakh Festival in
from the plains of India. The trade ended in the lateSeptember, and earn some additional income"
1960s following the Sino-Indian war.snapped the guide. With this increasing business
After a pleasant stay at Sumur, we continued ourprospect, the people of Nubra are becoming
journey up the valley and found a small oasis forpossessive about their camels. According Abdul
camping. We pitched tents amongst HippophaeRazaq, people were up in arms when four Bactrian
bushes, laden heavily with luscious berries. An effortcamels were taken for breeding in Pushkar,
was made to spot camels before having a dinner ofRajasthan, home to the Dromedary in India. They
Spaghetti.contend that if tourists see the Bactrian in Rajasthan,
A golden light had bathed the surrounding peaks,they (tourists) will not make an effort to come to a
when a roaring helicopter woke me up the next day.remote place like Nubra to see them. "Fortunately,
One more machine flew across before I got up.the animals did not survive in Rajasthan due to the
Perhaps they were carrying fresh supplies to theintense heat and were brought back" informed a
frontier post at the Siachen glacier, the biggestvillager.
outside the polar region and the highest battlegroundWe set out on the last leg of our journey to Hundar,
in the world. After morning ablutions we headedwhere we camped at Nyerchung Resort located in a
toward Panamik village, a much coveted destination ingorgeous orchard in the middle of the village. We
the valley because of its hot springs. People from allpitched our tents below an apple tree that shed its
over Ladakh come here to take a shower, as theyfruits day and night. After a couple of memorable
believe that the sulphur water is a panacea for alldays at Hundar, we bid adieu to Nubra and drove
diseases.back with the fond memories of Bactrian camels,
After a few days at Panamik, we went to Diskit, thehoping that they survive the negative impacts of
headquarters of Nubra. On arrival we explored themodern development and continue to be the
small market with shops selling trinkets. We were toldcynosure of the valley for centuries to come.