Buddhism and the West in the Eyes of Western Scholars

John Walters, a British journalist converted toexemplifies those whose thinking has been decisively
Buddhism, writes in his The Essence of Buddhism:influenced by Buddhism, and even as devout a
"This, in the West, is a period of gigantic material andCatholic mystic as Thomas Merton was deeply
economic progress..... It is often boasted thatinvolved in Buddhism before his untimely death in Asia
everything in America has, with her amazing materialwhile visiting Buddhist centers."
progress, changed for the better. But what of man ?"Yet, among all the varieties of Buddhism one can
Everything may appear happier; yet man himself is nofind in America today and all the forms of Buddhist
happier. Today, as statistics prove, a biggerpractice, no aspect of Buddhism has a stronger
proportion of people than ever before worryappeal than meditation, especially among younger
themselves into insanity. Psychiatry has become a bigpeople."
business because of the fears of men and women"Buddhist meditation is attractive for many reasons,
that they are going mad." "An increasing number ofto be sure. For some it offers a retreat from the
men and women, bewildered by the material andchaos and complexity of today's world. For others it
ideological chaos of today, are finding that themay serve as a means of introspective
teaching of the Buddha brings them back to senseself-understanding; and, for still others it is the means
and clarity, to serenity and peace."for attempting seriously to grasp the truth of
Trevor Ling, Senior Lecturer at the University ofBuddhism."
Leeds, writes: "In other quarters there is a suspicionIn the words of another American writer: "Today
that religion in the West has betrayed man at theBuddhism and Buddhist art have spread round the
most important point in life, and consequently aworld, from Japan east to America, from India west
tendency to find meaning in Eastern Religion."to Europe."
"There is plenty of evidence that in Western Europe"With the advance of science and psychology many
people desire to find a coherent and meaningfulof the older faiths have suffered. Their beliefs went
system of values.... It may be that the words and theagainst the new knowledge and the new knowledge
way of the Buddha have much to contribute at thiswon. But in this conflict the teaching of Buddha
moment of history to the religious life of the West."required no adjustments. Its wisdom has
According to Dr. Donald K. Swearer, "Amongencompassed everything that modern thought can
American college students at this time there is andevise. Over 2,500 years ago the Buddhists had
active and increasing interest in Asian religions. Whilealready solved many of the problems that modern
acknowledging the esoteric appeal of Buddhism andpsychology is still discovering."
other Asian religions, this interest is not simply part of"It is perhaps significant that while mighty empires
the youthful rebellion against the religiousbuilt upon greed and oppression have never lasted
establishment. Rather, much student involvement infor more than a few centuries, the selfless life of the
these areas reflects a genuine quest for a meaningfulBuddhist community has carried it safely through
set of values and a viable life-style. Nor is the2,500 years ... Knowledge of Buddhism is being sought
growing interest in Buddhism simply the preserve ofwith increasing interest in the West, for it offers a
the young. John Cobb, an outstanding contemporarypersonal philosophy to counteract the fragmented
theologian, has observed that Buddhism offers onecondition of Western society where many individuals
of the most compelling religious alternatives today,no longer feel part of, or responsible for, the
and Christian ministers utilizing Buddhist insights andcommunity in which they live. Expressions of this
practices are becoming less and less rare. Indeed, adistress are seen in the demonstrations of students,
United Church minister friend of mine recently wroteflower people, hippies, and others who wish to drop
requesting information on Zen Buddhism to be used inout of, or change a society which they feel no longer
a senior high church school class."supplies their needs."
"Buddhism is becoming increasingly popular in theAs it was written by a German scholar, Ernst Benz:
United States. Its popularity rests not only on the"Many of these European students of Buddhism
appeal it has among college students or the role itbecame converts to the new faith. They were also
has played in influencing "hip" culture. It offers aactive in the creation and guidance of Buddhist
serious religious option for many Westerners, and itorganizations-matters in which the Asiatic Buddhists
may well prove to have a significant impact onare less inclined to engage.
Judaeo-Christian thought and practice. Alan Watts