Ethnic and Religious Differences

Heterogeneity in religious culture sometime createsin fact if not in law, and a recurrence of communal
serious problems in South Asia. In terms of numberviolence in either country could undermine relations
of followers, Hinduism has the largest number ofbetween New Delhi and Dhaka. Cross-border religious
followers, with Islam and Buddhism being the twolinks in South Asia create suspicion and friction
other major faiths. Although a strong secularbetween majorities and minorities within states rather
movement was launched by the Indian and manythan bonds between the countries. So the communal
other South Asian governments, it failed to minimizerelations in South Asia necessarily possess a majority-
cultural gaps among the various religions. Mostminority dimension cutting across national boundaries.
prominent clashes between religious groups seem toThe dynamics of Hindu-Muslim relations in the
involve Hindus and Muslims, or one Muslim sectSub-continent directly impinge upon the
against another, or Sikhs and Hindus, or Buddhists andstate-to-state relations.
Hindus. Relations between the two most powerfulIn view of the above it is evident that different
states of South Asia, India and Pakistan, have beenethnic groups in the region sometimes create
greatly complicated by religious factors. Clashesinsurgency problems in South Asia. This is one of the
between Sri Lanka's Buddhist Sinhalese majority andreasons of mistrust among the South Asian states.
the predominant Hindu Tamil minority have destroyedFor example, India blames Bangladesh for providing
the peace not only in the island state, but also toarms to Indian ethnic groups who are fighting for
some extent in India. Pakistan continues to proclaim itautonomy. On the other hand, Bangladesh blames
an Islamic state (there are virtually no Hindu left inIndia for giving shelter and arms to Bangladeshi
the country). India is officially secular, although aboutinsurgents. Ethnic crises between Tamil and Sinhalese
11 percent of India's population is Muslim. Hinduscreates problem between Sri Lanka and India. It is
comprise 13% of Bangladesh's population. Thecommon belief in Sri Lanka that Indian support for
minorities in both countries are discriminated against,Tamil people has created this ethnic crisis.