Psychology as Religion: The Cult of Self-Worship by Paul C. Vitz

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It seems everyone you meet these days is astating the problem, forming and testing the
self-proclaimed psychologist. From radio talk shows,hypothesis, to testing the conclusion. He also
television interviews, romance novels, weeklyidentifies several philosophical contradictions and in
magazines, to cliques at work; everybody has ansome cases, actual misrepresentations. The spread of
opinion on the latest “mental illness.” I was firstthis bad science and faulty philosophy is believed by
introduced to practical psychology when I joined thethe author to have contributed to the destruction of
United States Air Force in 1970. It was expected thatfamilies. Additionally, the entire recovery group
Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) would becomementality convinces the person with “low
counselors to their subordinates. Profession militaryself-esteem” that their ills are due to trauma
education devoted entire chapters and lectures oninflicted on them in the past. Recovery group therapy
non-directive or eclectic counseling techniques.strokes the patient with self-pity thereby convincing
Maslow's hierarchy of needs was drilled into ourthe clients are victims. Once labeled, the “victim”
heads. We were sternly warned to avoid anynow assumes the attitude of victimhood.
mention of religion, but instead to make ample use ofValues clarification has become the model taught in
psychological techniques.schools and begins with the assumption that man is
Paul Vitz in his book “Psychology as Religion”naturally good. Since the developers of values
attempts to expose psychology for what it really is,clarification reject moral teachings, Vitz claims that if
i.e., religion. He begins by giving the reader a briefresponsible adults, i.e., teachers, don’t promote
biography on the fathers of the modern psychologygood values then someone else will. Providing a
movement along with some of their theories. Thepermissive environment supposedly nourishes the
opening chapter was dry reading but I supposechild by granting satisfaction for the child’s
necessary as a historical backdrop. My interestdesires and interests. However, this philosophy is
peaked when I immediately recognized Carl Rogersbankrupt because kids will assume the values of
and Abraham Maslow since I was forced to studyirresponsible sources in lieu of responsible ones. This
them for 26 years while in the military. Vitz alsocombined with the aforementioned teachings has
discusses Carl Jung, Erich Fromn, and Rollo May asproduced a society of victims where everyone is
being significant contributors to the movement.pointing to blame someone else for their misfortunes.
Vitz quickly transitions into explaining the concept ofVitz takes three chapters to present a Christian
self-esteem which he promotes as the center of theanalysis and criticism of humanistic self-theories. He
entire selfism movement. This became important togives the credit to our educational system for the
me as it seems no matter where you turn, a lack oftransformation of our society into a culture of pure
or poor self-esteem appears to be the cause ofselfism. He notes that the New Age movement has
every ill known to mankind. For a movement to bemany founders, but Abraham Maslow’s
so widespread to the point where psychology hastheories have been the most influential. Vitz argues
been woven into the gospel message, Vitz says thathis Christian critique within a historical framework and
the self-esteem concept has “no clear intellectualthe impact it has had on the evolution of our society.
origins.” That’s a surprising claim consideringUnfortunately he gives scant attention to biblical
the impact selfism has had on academia and thereferences for his position, but does show how the
practice of counseling.selfism heresy affects teachings on depression,
Vitz states that self-esteem should be understood asidolatry, and suffering. He closes his work with the
an emotional response and not a cause. He says it isobservation, "never have so many people been so
a reaction to what we have done and what othersself-conscious, so aware of the self as something to
have done to us. High self-esteem is a desirablebe expressed...., the self has become an object to
feeling to have (like happiness), but the feeling itselfitself." (I think this may make the case that
isn’t the cause of anything. In trying to obtainself-esteem has become a new barometric indicator
a feeling of self-esteem, the only successful way isto the question everyone asks, "How are you doing
to do good to others or accomplish something. In sotoday?")
doing, you’ll get all the self-esteem you want.Overall, Vitz's book uses a cerebral approach in
However, the downside is people begin to pursueattempting to prove that self-worship is simply a
happiness as a far greater goal than the goal ofreligion. Biblical counselors looking for material to help
obtaining personal holiness.their counselees break free of a selfish worldview of
Not only is selfism a self-defeating goal for thelife will be disappointed. Then again, Vitz didn't write
Christian, Vitz goes on to make the case that it ishis book for that purpose. Moreover, he provides a
also simply bad science and a warped philosophy. Thewealth of information and a refreshing argument
little clinical evidence that does exist is mostly basedagainst those who say, "You can't teach religion in
on empirical observations and doesn’t standpublic schools.
the test of solid scientific problem solving. He