Yunnan Travel Guide - Yunnan Minority Groups

Yunnan is regarded as a microcosm of theheaddresses that show the four famous scenes in
multinational China. It has 25 minorities, nearly half ofDali, namely the flowers in Shangguan, the wind in
the whole country's total number of 56. EachXiaguan, the snow on the top of the Cangshan
minority, distributing in different corner of YunnanMountain and the moon reflected in the Elrhai Lake.
Province, has its own customs, history and cultureThe married women coil their hair and wrap it with
for thousands of years, celebrating their ownblack or embroidered cloth.
festivals which are really attractive and fascinating.The major festivals of the Bai People are the
With such diversity, Yunnan attracts the most peopleRaosanlin, the Torch Festival, the Patron God Festival
who are interested in ethnic culture and customs.and the Shibaoshan Mountain Song Festival. The most
Among the existing 25 minority groups, the Yi, Bai,important of all is the Third Month Fair in Dali which
Dai, Naxi, Zang (Tibetan) etc. are the majority andfalls on March 15th on the lunar calendar and lasts 7
most famous. They have dependent cultures,days.
customs, languages and histories. Most of them alsoNaxi People mainly live in Lijinag Naxi Autonomous
have their own religion beliefs, including TibetanCounty, Ninlglang County, Yongsheng County and
Buddhism, Taoism and Muslim. In the past thousandsWeixi, Zhongdian and Deqin counties in Diqing. "Naxi"
of year, they had co-existed and developed in peacemeans people who worship black or a nation.
and harmony. At present, many live in over-lappingThe Naxi people have a splendid culture, of which the
areas and transracial marriage happens often.most important one is the Dongba language which
Yi People is one of the ancient ones in Yunnan. Theyconsists of the only surviving hieroglyphic characters
are distributed over Chuxiong, Honghe, Ailaoshangin the world, The Naxi people have their own
and areas of Xiaoliangshang in Yunnan. Their languagelanguage, which belongs to the Tibet-Burmese Branch
is a branch of the family of Tibetan and Myanmarof the Sino-Tibetan language Family (Yi Branch).
languages. Yi lives in a type of house of woodThe Naxi people believe in Mahayana Buddhism,
timbers battlement. The fire of fireplace (a hollowTaism and Lamaism. The famous Lijiang Murals well
dug on the ground) is never put off a year around inreveal their attitudes of broad-mindedness and their
their houses. It is the living center of the family soassimilation of diverse cultures.
called "Fireplace Culture". Yi people are so forthright,The costumes of the Naxi men are not very
good at drinking, singing and having a felt on thedifferent from those of the Han people. The Naxi
back. The family system is the structure of awomen usually wear coats with loose sleeves and
husband and one wife forming a small family. Theybuttons on the right, vests, long trousers and pleated
prefer to the black color, so in the history the Yiaprons. They also wear a goat-felt cape in the
nobleman was always in black, the white representedshoulders with the pattern of seven embroidered
the "Wazi" meaning the serfs. The man has a blackcircles symbolizing diligence and hard working.
scarf around the head and a set of black clothes. ButThe Mosuo people, a branch of the Naxi nationality,
the woman is in colorful shining clothes. Yi believes instill keep the unique Axia marital custom, and the
the Master of Soil and multi-Gods religion. Their maintrace of a matrilineal system can still be seen in this
holiday is the "Festival of Torch"(Around in March)group. Therefore they are called the "Living Fossil" for
which adds great interests on Yunnan tours for manya study of the development of human family and
people.marriage.
Bai People mainly live in Dali Bai AutonomousThe main festivals of the Naxi people are the
Prefecture and others are scattered in Kunming,Bangbanghui Festival on January 15th on the lunar
Yuanjiang, Lijiang and Lanping. Bai People hold thecalendar, the Sanduo Festival in February 8th and the
white color in high esteem and call themselves "Baizi",live Stock Exchange Fair in March and June.
"Baini" or "Baihuo", which means white people.Recommended Yunnan Minority Festival Tour in
Since ancient times, the Bai people have established aMarch
close relationship with the Han and the Yi in theDay 01 Kunming
interior or the neighboring regions. After the NanzhaoArrive in Kunming.
Kingdom, especially during the Dali Kingdom, all theDay 02 Kunming / Stone Forest
Bais in different areas became a nationality withA full day excursion to the Stone Forest, one of the
similar languages, cultures and economic structures.natural wonders of the area, and a typical Karstic
Now they have their own spoken language thatLandscape. On the way, visit to a typical Yi minority
belongs to the Tibeto-Burman Stock of thevillage and meet the local people. Tonight you will
Sino-Tibetan Language Family. Many Bai people arewitness the great Torch Festival of Yi People.
good at the Han language. They use the HanDay 03 Stone Forest / Luoping
characters as their writing system. Besides BuddhismDrive to Luoping in the morning. Visit the Nine-dragon
and Taoism, the worship of Patron God is mostWaterfall, the grandest waterfall in Yunnan and due
popular. The Patron God Temple can be found into different levels, the Waterfalls form a ten-layered
almost every village. Patron God is the Guardian of awaterfall.
village or a region.Day 04 Luoping
The Bai people's houses are unique. The typical styleDrive to Duoyihe sightseeing area. Enjoy natural
is "sanfangyizhaobi" and "sihewutianjing."scenery and Buyi minority village. Drive back to
"Sanfangyizhaobi" refers to three houses on threeLuoping in late afternoon.
sides and a decorative screen wall to reflect sunlightDay 05 Luoping / Puzhehei
to the house. " Sihewutianjing" is a house with aDrive to Puzhehei in the morning. Row little wooden
major courtyard and tour small ones at the fourboats along the winding 21-km water corridor through
corners of the major one .The Bai people's housesLuoshuidong Lake.
are generally decorated with wooden carvings, stoneDay 06 Puzhehei / Mile
carvings and marble, which add luster to theDrive to Mile. Upon arrival, visit a red wine bodega
traditional characteristics of the houses.and a grand Amitaba, the symbol of Mile.
The Bai people regard white as an honorable colorDay 07 Mile / Kunming Tour
and like to wear white clothes. Men often wear whiteDrive back to Kunming in the morning. Upon arrival,
coats with black vests. Women like to wear white orenjoy a sightseeing tour to Western Hill with a
blue jackets with black or blue vests. UnmarriedDragon Gate carved into the sheer cliff, and
women like to have a pigtail, or wear beautifulspectacular views over Kunming and Dianchi Lake.