| Often referred to as the "flowers of the willow | | | | allowed them to focus on applying what |
| world" Geisha are an enduring symbol of Japan | | | | they had learned by attending banquets called |
| whose inherent beauty, grace, charm, and artistic | | | | ozashiki, in which the guests present were attended |
| talent have been admired for centuries. The word | | | | to by geisha. Soon thereafter they begin the third, |
| geisha means artist in Japanese, and they have been | | | | final, and most important stage of training |
| traditionally considered professional performers who | | | | known as Maiko. Maiko are apprentices who |
| entertain guests through a series of time honored | | | | study under established Geisha. The training |
| arts such as Japanese ancient dance, singing, playing | | | | involves accompanying the mentor to her |
| of various musical instruments, flower arrangement, | | | | engagements and observing the |
| tea ceremony , and calligraphy. | | | | proper etiquette of the seasoned |
| Historically Geisha began their training at a very | | | | professional. This relationship is extremely important |
| young age, and although girls were occasionally sold | | | | to the Maiko, as it teaches her the proper way of |
| to geisha houses known as okiya, this was not | | | | serving tea, playing the shamisen, dancing, and the |
| common practice in most reputable districts in Japan. | | | | art of casual conversation, all of which are essential |
| When girls first arrived to the okiya they | | | | to master to assure future invitations to |
| were expected to survive the first stage of | | | | various tea houses and social gatherings. |
| training known as shikomi, which involved hard manual | | | | Contemporary geisha, though much fewer in |
| labor as maids who were subject to the beckoned | | | | numbers, still live collectively during their |
| call of their seniors. The work was | | | | apprenticeship in okiya in areas called hanamachi, and |
| exceedingly difficult, and was intended to | | | | often begin their training after completing junior high |
| test the strength, will, and integrity | | | | school, high school, or college. Maiko still study |
| of the young novices. In addition to the | | | | instruments such as the shakuhachi and |
| strenuous work, they would be | | | | shamisen, and are well versed in literature, poetry, |
| expected to wait late into the night for the | | | | tea ceremony, wearing kimono, and |
| experienced geisha to return from | | | | traditional Japanese dance. The district of |
| engagements to assist them before retiring | | | | Gion Kobu in the city of Kyoto is now considered the |
| for the evening. When not working in the okiya, the | | | | epicenter of contemporary geisha. The life of a |
| shikomi would attend classes to study dancing, | | | | geisha still resides in the elegant cultured world known |
| singing, and the playing of traditional musical | | | | as karyukai, and they are often hired to |
| instruments. Once the student became proficient | | | | attend parties and gatherings at tea houses and |
| they would then be required to pass a final | | | | traditional Japanese restaurants. The time spent with |
| dance exam before advancing to the second stage | | | | guests is measured by burning an incense stick |
| of training called minarai. This stage of training | | | | known as senkodai. |
| relieved them from their housekeeping duties, and | | | | |